Properties of anthracite filter media

Anthracite filter media is a material commonly used in water treatment and filtration processes. Its main properties are as follows:

Chemical stability: anthracite filter media has good chemical stability, is not easy to react with chemicals in water, and is suitable for various water quality conditions.

High mechanical strength: anthracite filter media has a large hardness and high compressive strength. It is not easy to break during the filtration process and can ensure the filtration effect.

Porosity: anthracite filter media has a developed pore structure, which helps to improve the filtration efficiency and effectively remove suspended matter and particles when water flows through.

Density: The density of anthracite filter media is generally between 1.4-1.6 g/cm³, which is larger than other types of filter media.

Adsorption: anthracite filter media has a certain adsorption capacity and can remove organic matter, pigments and odors in water.

Low wear rate: anthracite filter media has a low wear rate during the filtration process and a relatively long service life.

Easy to clean: Due to its smooth surface, anthracite filter media is easy to clean during backwashing, which can restore the filtering efficiency.

Environmental protection: Anthracite filter media is a natural material that can be naturally degraded after use and is environmentally friendly.

Diverse specifications: Anthracite filter media can be made into different particle sizes according to different filtering requirements to meet the needs of different processes.

Anthracite filter media is widely used in water treatment, air purification, chemical industry, food and other industries. When using, the filter media of appropriate specifications should be selected according to the specific process requirements and water quality conditions, and backwashing maintenance should be performed regularly to ensure the normal operation of the filtration system.

How to choose the filter particle size of anthracite

Choosing the right anthracite filter particle size is one of the key factors to ensure the effective operation of the filtration system. Here are some factors to consider when choosing the anthracite filter particle size:

Purpose of filtration: First, clarify the purpose of filtration, such as whether it is for rapid filtration, fine filtration or deep filtration.

Water quality requirements: According to the water quality of the raw water, including the size and concentration of suspended matter and other pollutants that may be contained.

Filtration speed: The filtration speed will affect the selection of filter particle size. Generally speaking, the faster the filtration speed, the larger the particle size of the filter material needs to be used.

Here are some specific steps and guidelines:

Determine water quality analysis and suspended matter particle size distribution: Understand the particle size distribution of suspended matter in the water through the water quality analysis report, and select the filter particle size that can effectively intercept these suspended matter.

Reference filtration process: According to the existing filtration process or design requirements, select the appropriate filter particle size. For example, in a multi-layer filtration design, the upper layer usually uses a coarser filter material, while the lower layer uses a finer filter material.

Follow the filter media grading principle: It is usually recommended to use multi-layer graded filter media, that is, the filter media is stacked from coarse to fine, which can improve the filtration efficiency and extend the backwash cycle.

Consider the type and structure of the filter: Different types of filters (such as pressure filters, gravity filters, rapid filters, etc.) have different requirements for the filter media particle size.

The selection of specific particle size can refer to the following guidelines:

Coarse filtration: If the purpose is to remove larger suspended matter and particles, you can choose anthracite filter media with a particle size of 1.0-2.0mm or larger.

Conventional filtration: For general water treatment, you can choose anthracite filter media with a particle size of 0.5-1.0mm.

Fine filtration: If you need to remove smaller suspended matter, you can choose anthracite filter media with a particle size of 0.3-0.5mm.

Deep filtration: For occasions where deep filtration is required, you can choose a finer filter media, such as 0.1-0.3mm.

Finally, it is recommended to conduct a small-scale filtration test before actual application to verify whether the selected filter media particle size meets the expected filtration effect. Through experiments, the selection of filter materials can be adjusted and optimized to ensure the stability and efficiency of the filtration system.

How to use anthracite and quartz sand in double-layer filter media

Anthracite and quartz sand are both commonly used water treatment filter media. They are usually used in multi-layer filter media filtration systems to improve filtration efficiency and water quality treatment effects. Here are some guidelines for how to use anthracite and quartz sand together:

Layered design:

Bottom layer (support layer): Quartz sand is usually used as the bottom layer because it has a high density and high mechanical strength, which can support the upper filter media and prevent the filter media layer from moving or losing.

Middle layer (transition layer): Anthracite filter media with slightly larger particle size can be placed to play a transitional role and help intercept larger suspended matter.

Top layer (fine filtration layer): Anthracite filter media with smaller particle size is used for fine filtration to remove smaller suspended matter and some organic matter.

Particle size gradation:

From bottom to top, the particle size of the filter media should gradually decrease to form a natural particle size gradation. The particle size of the quartz sand at the bottom layer is the largest, and the particle size of the anthracite at the top layer is the smallest.

This gradation ensures that during filtration, larger particles are first intercepted by the bottom layer, while smaller particles are gradually removed by the upper filter media.

Filter media thickness:

The thickness of each layer of filter media should be determined according to the size of the filter, the expected filtration rate and the amount of water to be treated.

In general, the quartz sand layer is thicker because it mainly plays a physical interception role; the anthracite layer can be relatively thin because it mainly plays the role of adsorption and fine filtration.

Backwashing:

During the backwashing process, since the density of anthracite is lower than that of quartz sand, attention should be paid to the intensity and method of backwashing to prevent the anthracite layer from mixing or loss.

When backwashing, it should start from the top layer and gradually proceed to the lower layer to maintain the gradation of the filter media.

Water quality requirements:

According to the water quality of the raw water and the water quality requirements after treatment, adjust the ratio and particle size of anthracite and quartz sand to achieve the best filtration effect.

Operation management:

Regularly monitor the filtration effect and adjust the filter media gradation and backwashing strategy according to the changes in water quality.

Pay attention to the wear of the filter media and replenish or replace the filter media in time.

Through the above-mentioned method of using anthracite and quartz sand together, an efficient and stable multi-layer filter media filtration system can be constructed to effectively remove suspended matter, organic matter and other impurities in the water and ensure the effect of water treatment.

How does anthracite with different particle sizes affect the filtering effect

The influence of anthracite filter materials with different particle sizes on the filtering effect is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Filtration accuracy:

Fine-particle anthracite: can intercept smaller suspended particles, provide higher filtering accuracy, and is suitable for fine filtering.

Coarse-particle anthracite: mainly used to intercept larger particles, with relatively low filtering accuracy, suitable for coarse filtering or pre-filtration.

Filtration speed:

Coarse-grained anthracite: Due to the large pores, the water flow can pass through relatively fast, so the filtration speed is high.

Fine-grained anthracite: The pores are small, the water flow passes through slowly, and the filtration speed is low.

Filtration resistance:

Coarse-grained anthracite: The water flow resistance is small and the energy consumption is relatively low.

Fine-grained anthracite: The water flow resistance is large, which may lead to increased energy consumption.

Backwashing effect:

Coarse-grained anthracite: Due to the large particles, it is easy to clean during backwashing, and the backwashing effect is good.

Fine-grained anthracite: The particles are small and easy to clog. Higher water pressure and longer flushing time may be required to achieve a cleaning effect during backwashing.

Filter layer pressure drop:

Coarse-grained anthracite: The filter layer formed has a small pressure drop, which is conducive to maintaining a stable filtering operation.

Fine-grained anthracite: The filter layer has a large pressure drop, and more frequent backwashing may be required to maintain the filtering effect.

Life of filter layer:

Coarse-grained anthracite: Due to its larger particles and better wear resistance, the life of the filter layer is relatively long.

Fine-grained anthracite: Smaller particles, poorer wear resistance, may need to be replaced more frequently.

Processing capacity:

Coarse-grained anthracite: Suitable for treating water with high suspended matter content because its pores are large and not easily clogged.

Fine-grained anthracite: Suitable for water with low suspended matter content, can provide finer filtration.

Adaptability:

Anthracite filter media of different particle sizes can be used in combination to form a multi-layer filter media structure to adapt to different water quality and treatment requirements.

In summary, choosing anthracite filter media of appropriate particle size is crucial for the filtration effect. In practical applications, anthracite filter media of different particle sizes should be reasonably selected and matched according to the specific water quality conditions, treatment goals and process requirements to achieve the best filtration effect and system operation efficiency.

Thickness ratio of anthracite and quartz sand in double-layer filter media

In a multi-layer filter media filtration system, there is no fixed standard for the thickness ratio of anthracite and quartz sand, because it depends on many factors, including the specific requirements of the filtration process, raw water quality, expected filtration effect, filter media particle size grading, filter type and size, etc. The following are some common ratio ranges and considerations:

Conventional ratio:

In general, the thickness of the quartz sand layer (bottom layer) may be greater than the thickness of the anthracite layer (middle or top layer). A common ratio range may be quartz sand: anthracite = 2:1 to 3:1.

For example, if the thickness of the quartz sand layer is 1 meter, the thickness of the anthracite layer may be between 0.3 and 0.5 meters.

Considerations:

Purpose of filtration: If the main purpose of filtration is to remove larger suspended matter, the quartz sand layer may be thicker; if fine filtration is required, the anthracite layer may be relatively thicker.

Water quality characteristics: The particle size distribution of suspended matter in the raw water will also affect the thickness ratio of the filter layer. If the suspended matter particle size is larger, the quartz sand layer can be thicker; conversely, the anthracite layer can be appropriately thickened.

Filter media particle size: Coarse particle size filter media layers are usually thicker than fine particle size filter media layers because they can withstand greater water flow impact and suspended matter load.

Filtration speed: Higher filtration speeds may require thicker quartz sand layers to prevent filter media loss, while lower filtration speeds may allow a relatively thick anthracite layer.

Practical application:

In actual design, small-scale filtration tests are usually required to determine the optimal ratio to ensure that the filtration system achieves the expected performance.

Designers and engineers will make adjustments based on specific circumstances and may refer to historical data and experience from similar processes.

In short, the thickness ratio of anthracite and quartz sand needs to be optimized based on specific circumstances. It is recommended that when designing a filtration system, consult a professional water treatment engineer or refer to relevant industry standards and manuals to determine the ratio suitable for a specific application.